There's a peculiar quality to Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s voice that is noticeable when he addresses the public. It is caused by ...

Ten patients with abductor spasmodic dysphonia, who exhibited spasmodic bursts and heightened activity of the cricothyroid muscle during speech, were selected for participation. Between 5 and 20 U ...

Spasmodic dysphonia is a rare vocal disorder characterized by a strained, uneven and uncontrolled voice while speaking.

Kennedy Jr., known to the world as RFK Jr. for short, suffers from "spasmodic dysphonia ... However, this is typically done alongside the Botox injections. As for the surgical options, Distractify ...

Some people with mild spasmodic dysphonia might hear an improvement in their voice with vocal therapy while others might pair Botox injections with vocal therapy. If other interventions do not ...

Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a neurological disorder caused by dystonia ... may be effective in mild cases, but botulinum toxin injections are clearly the treatment of choice for most patients.