Logic elements, which are the basis of modern digital technology, are based on the use of Boolean logic. In 1854, George Boole proposed for the first time to investigate logical statements by ...

In the early digital era, logic gates were made exclusively of transistors and discrete components. The obvious occupation of a large space and increased heat dissipation pushed technology to ...

Fig 1. A typical CMOS input circuit comprises a “P” and “N” transistor. One is fully “on” for logic high, and the other is “on” for a logic low. Fig 2. When a CMOS input pin is at logic high or low ...