Moments before one of the largest underwater volcanic eruptions smothered the Pacific island of Tonga, a strange signal happened. Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai erupted in January 2022, creating an ...

Sep. 24, 2024 — A mysterious type of iron-rich magma entombed within extinct volcanoes is likely abundant with rare earth elements and could offer a new way to source these in-demand metals ...